Critics view sustainable tourism as a paradox. The more successful a destination becomes, the harder it is to avoid environmental and cultural impacts.

The city of Oslo at 11:39 a.m. on the day after Christmas. The sun was shining brightly on the low horizon. As far as the eye could see, the streets, sidewalks, vehicles, buildings, houses, trees, and city parks were covered in snow.

The winter atmosphere at the end of the year in the capital city of Norway is hit by temperatures ranging from minus 5-12 degrees Celsius. Despite the sun shining from a distance, the cold air in Oslo still seeps through the body and penetrates into the bones.

The situation in this city is a routine paradox, like hot and cold. A pile of snow is a blessing for Norwegians, but for tourists from tropical countries it may be a catastrophe.

Read more from Prof Dr Ir Mohammad Hamsal, MSE, MQM, MBA  article on Manajemen ISMS Column at kompas.id -click here-